The influence of a prebiotic on the development of laboratory animals

Abstract

Prebiotics contribute to improved animal health; however, their beneficial effects on the body depend on the composition and dosage of the preparation, as well as the age and species of the animals. This study aimed to examine the effects of a new complex prebiotic, Bio-active,on the physiology of white mice and rabbits. The experiment involved 40 white laboratory mice and rabbits. The prebiotic was administered at a dosage of 1.2 g per animal. Standard methods were used to assess the microclimate, the quality of tap water used for drinking, growth dynamics, haematological parameters, and microscopic examination of caecal mucosa smears (in rabbits). The microclimate parameters and water quality indicators met the requirements of current regulatory standards. Administration of the prebiotic to white laboratory mice resulted in a gradual increase in body weight and average daily weight gain throughout the study period. In rabbits, body weight, absolute and relative growth rates increased, contributing to improved survival rates and growth performance. It was demonstrated that the inclusion of the prebiotic in animal feed led to higher red blood cell counts, increased haemoglobin concentration, and elevated levels of total protein and globulins. The prebiotic also influenced the quantity and ratio of Gram-positive and Gramnegative microorganisms in the caecum of rabbits. Specifically, the number of Gram-negative microorganisms decreased by 17.7% (P < 0.05), while Gram-positive microorganisms increased by 19.4% (P < 0.05). The pH of the caecal content in the experimental group was 6.5, compared to 7.1 in the control group, indicating the restoration of functional capacity in the large intestine. Based on the results obtained, the components of the prebiotic at a dosage of 1.2 g per animal were found to have a positive effect on body weight gain, haematological parameters, and the quantitative composition of the large intestinal microbiota. These outcomes are significant for rearing healthy livestock and producing high-quality food products