Застосування біотехнологічних методів у розсадництві суниці садової (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) в умовах ТОВ “ Агрофірми “ Благодатне ” Черкаської області

Abstract

Fragaria ananassa Duch. (Garden Strawberry) is a stable leader in the berry market. The widespread occurrence of viroids, viruses, phytoplasms, and bacteria using conventional propagation methods and on industrial plantations limits stable productivity in production with minimal pesticide load. Reducing the lifespan of plantations, variety replacement, and variety renewal is possible by transitioning to biotechnological methods in seedling production. This will enhance quality and increase the scale of strawberry planting material production. Therefore, creating industrial protocols for microclonal propagation technologies of this crop is a pressing issue. The research aims to develop a modern commercial protocol for obtaining genetically uniform planting material free from pathogens. Experiments were conducted in the Tevitta (LLC "Blagodаtne") in the Cherkasy region with Alba and Present varieties. The sequence of experiments occurred in four stages of microclonal propagation: 1) obtaining aseptic culture; 2) multiplication; 3) induction of rhizogenesis; 4) post-aseptic adaptation. The principle of "step by step" was adhered to throughout each stage and the technological process as a whole. That is, the best variant of the previous experiment served as a control in the subsequent experiment. Decontaminants were selected to obtain aseptic culture from meristem and bud primary explant, and trophic and hormonal determinants were studied. At the multiplication stage, the characteristics of the influence of mineral and organic determinants on the rates of multiplication were revealed: multiplication coefficient and the period between cuttings. Among the compared variants, the best combination of hormones was BAP 0.2 mg/l and kinetin 0.8 mg/l. The multiplication rate increased with the addition of Gibb plus (GA4 + GA7) at a rate of 0.1 ml/l. The addition to the medium (BAP 0.2 mg/l, kinetin 0.3 mg/l, adenine 0.5 mg/l) during the in vitro donor explant cultivation contributed to the growth of rhizogenesis indicators in the offspring. Rhizogenesis, when comparing variants with 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0% sucrose, was better on the medium with 4% of this carbohydrate (40 g/l). Based on experimental data, the advantages of using post-aseptic adaptation via photoautotrophic method were substantiated. The master's qualification work contains 58 pages, 1 tables, 20 figures, and a list of references consisting of 62 titles.