Fire resistance of tree species in forest ecosystems under global climate change

Abstract

Fire resistance of tree species is a critical determinant of forest ecosystem resilience and post-fire recovery pathways. This study analyzes the adaptive responses of major coniferous and broadleaved species in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine to different fire intensities. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) demonstrates low tolerance, particularly in young stands, while larch (Larix decidua Mill., L. kaempferi) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) exhibit higher resistance due to thick bark and strong sprouting capacity. Pioneer species such as birch (Betula pendula Roth) and aspen (Populus tremula L.) regenerate rapidly through seed germination and vegetative shoots, whereas hornbeam, linden, and ash show weak recovery potential. Comparative analysis highlights bark thickness, cambial activity, and regeneration mechanisms as key factors influencing fire tolerance. The findings provide a scientific basis for selecting species in reforestation, assessing stand viability, and predicting successional dynamics in post-fire forest ecosystems of Ukraine.