Biotechnological aspects of the production and application of pharmacological biologically active substances

Abstract

The theses consider modern biotechnological approaches to the production and application of pharmacologically active biological substances. It is shown that this group includes microbial metabolites, recombinant proteins, bioactive peptides, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, and functionalised nanoforms of natural molecules characterised by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antitumour properties. The role of microorganisms as biosynthetic platforms, the importance of metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, plant cell and tissue cultures, as well as biotechnologies for the production of recombinant proteins, peptides, and antibodies are highlighted. The prospects of combining biotechnological and nanotechnological approaches to improve the stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of biologically active substances are emphasised. It is substantiated that the introduction of such compounds into pharmaceutical practice requires comprehensive standardisation, assessment of the toxicological profile, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and evidence-based efficacy.