Ефективність обприскування посівів цукрових буряків фунгіцидами проти церкоспорозу в умовах центрального Лісостепу України

Abstract

Висвітлені результати досліджень з визначення ефективності обприскування посівів цукрових буряків різними фунгіцидами проти церкоспорозу в умовах Центрального Лісостепу України. Освещены результаты исследований по определению эффективности опрыскивания посевов сахарной свеклы различными фунгицидами против церкоспороза в условиях Центральной Лесостепи Украины. The article was shown the results of the researches to determine the effectiveness of sugar beet spraying by the various fungicides against the cercosporosis in central forest-steppe of Ukraine. Among the diseases that affecting the sugar beet leaves most common is cercosporosis in TOV "Ukragrokom". Under the influence of this disease in the growing season in 2009 the root mass decreased by 21.2, leaves by 38.3%, and sugar content - 0.5%. It was tested the systemic fungicides Alto super, Fundazol and the contact oxychloride of copper against the cercosporosis by double spraying of crops at the first symptoms of the disease and with intervals of 12-20 days compared with untreated control and showing the high biological and economic efficiency. The systemic fungicides Alto super and Fundazol were reduced on average against the control the development of cercosporosis respectively 5.2 and 4.5 times when the biological effectiveness were 80.7 and 78.0%. According to these indexes the contact copper oxychloride preparation gave way significantly to systemic fungicides (59.1%). The best showed preparation in struggle against of cercosporosis is alto super. The economic performance (growth yield) on the variant of this fungicide was 9.2, with Fundazol 7.4, but with oxychloride of copper 4.1 t/ha with yield on the control – 39.8 t / ha. The highest economic indexes were obtained on variant, where the crops are sprayed with Alto super. The cost of 1 ton of beets decreased by 15.9 UAH/t., and profitability grew by 28.7% in compared with the control variant without the fungicides using.