Оцінювання інтродукованих генотипів роду Callistephus chinensis (L.) ness. за господарськобіологічними ознаками з метою залучення їх в ландшафтні композиції

Abstract

Узагальнено інтродуковані сорти калістефусу китайського (Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness.) та рекомендовано для вирощування в ґрунтовокліматичних умовах Правобережного Лісостепу України. За господарським призначенням сортотипи айстри розділено на зрізні, обсаджувальні та універсальні. Узагальнено, відповідно до Методики державного сортовипробування, рослини за забарвленням квіток та суцвіттям, формою куща та визначено їх насіннєву продуктивність. gical features for landscaping purposes The most popular varieties of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness are introduced, summarized and recommended for cultivation in edaphic-climatic zones of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. In the course of our research, it was found out, that Aster variety types are divided into excised plants, brushed and general according to their commercial function. The coloring of flowers, inflorescences, bush type and seed production is generalized according to the Sate variety control methodology. Based on the research findings on the morpho-biological characteristics, and taking into account the variability of these characteristics, primarily, we consider the decorative value of the plants under investigation one of the most notable characteristic, since it determines the level of the decorative value of ornamental crops. The analysis of these parameters enables us to rationalize the variation of both quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness. In the course of the research, the plants under investigation were characterized according to the basic agronomic and biological characteristics, decorative value, in particular, bush type, the number of primary branches, inflorescence, plant capacity, and, in fact, the main purpose - for landscaping. The research revealed that 5 varieties under investigation are derived from Ukraine, 2 – from Russia, and one each from Germany and Denmark. 105 Among the all investigated varieties of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness the most versatile were: Yuliya, Raspberry bowl, Laplataya, which are regarded as excised plants and at the same time brushed plants according to their commercial function. It should also be noted that according to the bush form, the most plants are regarded as tower-shaped plants, with the number of primary branches about 10-15, with the exception of the variety Yuliya (the investigated index was at the level of 6-9 branches). The coloring of flowers and inflorescences ranged from carmine-red, apricot-pink to silvery-blue. The genotypes under investigation are marked by various plant performance, which varies from 1,5 to 6 g/bush. The research revealed that such varieties as Matador, Amber, Gray Lady, Pearl and Tenderness refer to the group of excised plants, according to the bush form, the most plants are regarded as tower-shaped plants, strobilaceous and loosely spreading with the number of primary branches from 5 to 10. The coloring of flowers and inflorescences of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness varies greatly: Pearl – white, Matador – yellow, Amber – apricot, Gray Lady – maroon with white stripes, Tenderness – yellow and lilac-pink. The genotypes under investigation are marked by various plant performance, which varies from 2.0 to 3.5 g / bush. The research findings on morphological characteristics make it possible to garner serious insights into variability of quantitative characteristics of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness, as well as of alternative one’s. The results of the investigation enable us to generalize and classify 9 varieties of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness, according to the main agronomic characters, including the decorative value. The ways of their further use in landscape gardening are suggested.