Infuence of breeding pig breeding on efficiency production of the industry

Abstract

The article considers the problems of development of breeding pig breeding in Ukraine as a basis for the functioning of e൶cient and competitive commodity production. According to the results of the study, with the reform of agricultural production, commodity pig farming su൵ered signi¿cant losses, which had a negative impact on the e൶cient operation of breeding farms, especially breeders. The main reasons for the intensi¿cation of destructive phenomena in the ¿eld of breeding pig farming are the unstable level of purchase prices for pig products, low pro¿tability and unpro¿table production. It is obvious that the organization of the domestic selection system has a signi¿cant impact on reducing the cost and increasing the pro¿tability of pig production, ensuring the quality and competitiveness of breeding (genetic) resources. The results of scienti¿c research show that a signi¿cant increase in productivity in pig breeding is achieved through the e൵ect of heterosis in interbreeding, and it is proved that under favorable conditions, the e൵ect of crossbreeding is on average live weight gain of about 10-15% and feed payment 8- 10%. It is proved that to date there has been no clear pattern of a positive trend of change in the yield of piglets per sow in breeding pigs. Analysis of the procedure for receiving funds under the state program for partial reimbursement of the cost of breeding animals purchased for further reproduction shows that in 2017 compensation for breeding pigs and boars of domestic origin ("elite" class) was 20% of the planned due to lack of state budget funds for appropriate measures . In 2018, this amount of compensation was increased to UAH 5,000 per head. It was found that the unit cost of live weight of a breeding animal in 2017 was 2-2.5 times higher than in commercial pig farms. The high cost of production of breeding animals is due to higher feed costs due to components of the diet of mainly foreign production. It is obvious that the di൶cult ¿nancial situation determines the low investment attractiveness of the breeding pig industry for both domestic and foreign investors.