Генеративний підхід аналізу структури речення

Abstract

This article is devoted to genitive approach of sentence structure analysis. When describing the syntax of a sentence systematically, the starting point is the concept of a sentence model. It is the sentence model that allows you to inventory the multifacetedness of specific sentences of the language in the form of a list of syntactic structures, which is one of the most important tasks of syntax. This work is performed on the methodological basis of generative grammar with the involvement of tools developed within this paradigm. Generative linguistics increased the requirements for the explicitness of linguistic description, paid attention to objects of syntax inaccessible to observation, the existence of which is determined indirectly, contributed to the development of a detailed descriptive apparatus in syntax. The popularity of this paradigm testifies to the wide possibilities of applying its provisions in syntactic searches, in the studios of many scientists. Increasing interest in the theory of syntactic changes, their separation from grammatical changes, is not least caused by the achievements of generative grammar, which made it possible to look at familiar things from a new point of view and obtain interesting results, taking into account the achievements of the Chomskian revolution. According to the generative approach, syntax contains basic and transformational subcomponents. The base is a system of elementary rules, presumably similar for different languages, from which a limited number of deep structures - sentence prototypes - are derived. The paper adopts a working definition of the surface structure of a sentence as a level of syntactic representation, which explains the surface arrangement of sentence constituents. The depth structure of the sentence is the level of syntactic representation of the sentence, which encodes predicate-argument relations, as well as the role characteristics of the arguments of the verb. Our study will primarily take into account the surface structure of the sentence, since we are primarily interested in the structural organization of the sentence as manifested at the observable level of SS.